醫(yī)學(xué)英語的詞匯量非常大，而且單詞也很長，句型結(jié)構(gòu)顯得非常復(fù)雜而且難以辨別，下面世聯(lián)翻譯公司給大家分享影響醫(yī)學(xué)翻譯的因素有什么?

　　Medical English has a large vocabulary and long words, and the sentence structure is very complex and difficult to distinguish. What are the factors affecting medical translation?

　　1、醫(yī)學(xué)英文的翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　1. Translation standards of medical English

　　翻譯是按社會認(rèn)知需要、在具有不同規(guī)則的符號系統(tǒng)之間所作的信息傳遞過程，是運(yùn)用一種語言把另一種語言所表達(dá)的思想內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確而又完整地再現(xiàn)出來的語言活動。醫(yī)學(xué)英文的翻譯同樣脫離不了翻譯的這一本質(zhì)，因此其翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也同其他翻譯實(shí)踐一樣應(yīng)堅持忠實(shí)和通順的原則，即一切醫(yī)學(xué)英語譯文都應(yīng)包含原文的思想內(nèi)容，表達(dá)上要準(zhǔn)確、完整、科學(xué)和規(guī)范，譯文不得有生硬晦澀、結(jié)構(gòu)混亂以及文理不同的現(xiàn)象。

　　Translation is a process of information transmission between symbol systems with different rules according to the needs of social cognition. It is a language activity that uses one language to accurately and completely reproduce the ideological content expressed in another language. Medical English translation is also inseparable from the essence of translation. Therefore, its translation standard, like other translation practices, should adhere to the principle of faithfulness and smoothness, that is, all medical English translations should contain the ideological content of the original text, and the expression should be accurate, complete, scientific and standardized. The translation should not have rigid and obscure, chaotic structure and different arts and Sciences.

　　2、 醫(yī)學(xué)英語翻譯中詞匯的特點(diǎn)及處理方法

　　2. Characteristics and processing methods of vocabulary in medical English translation

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語詞匯的特點(diǎn)是具有很強(qiáng)的專業(yè)性，詞的意義嚴(yán)格受到所搭配的詞和語境的限制，因此，在對醫(yī)學(xué)英語進(jìn)行翻譯的過程中，必須根據(jù)語境和詞語之間搭配情況，對詞義和詞法做出相應(yīng)的轉(zhuǎn)變和處理，使譯文文字通順、得體、規(guī)范。

　　Medical English vocabulary is characterized by strong professionalism, and the meaning of words is strictly limited by the matched words and context. Therefore, in the process of medical English translation, we must change and deal with the word meaning and morphology according to the context and collocation between words, so as to make the translated text smooth, appropriate and standardized.

　　3、醫(yī)學(xué)英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)對翻譯的影響

　　3. The influence of sentence structure characteristics of medical English on Translation

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語屬于科技文體，主要表達(dá)醫(yī)學(xué)科技的事實(shí)與概念，傳遞交流基礎(chǔ)和臨床醫(yī)學(xué)的信息，[2]要求結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、邏輯嚴(yán)密、用詞精確，表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，又由于醫(yī)學(xué)文章以敘事推理為重，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀性，因而，醫(yī)學(xué)英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)表現(xiàn)出了多用長句、從句和被動句的形式特點(diǎn)。大量從句和被動句的使用使得醫(yī)學(xué)英語的句子意義往往不能僅從其外形結(jié)構(gòu)做出判斷，從句中連詞、關(guān)系詞的連接、指代關(guān)系以及被動句中主語與謂語之間的表達(dá)方式都成為了影響醫(yī)學(xué)英語翻譯的重要因素。

　　Medical English belongs to the style of science and technology, which mainly expresses the facts and concepts of medical science and technology and transmits the information of basic and clinical medicine. [2] it requires rigorous structure, strict logic, accurate words and accurate expression. Because medical articles focus on narrative reasoning and emphasize objectivity, the sentence structure of medical English shows multi-purpose long sentences The formal characteristics of clauses and passive sentences. Due to the use of a large number of clauses and passive sentences, the sentence meaning of medical English can not be judged only from its shape and structure. The conjunction, the connection of relative words, the referential relationship in clauses and the expression between subject and predicate in passive sentences have become important factors affecting medical English translation.

　　4、長句、難句對翻譯的影響及處理

　　4. The influence of long and difficult sentences on translation and its treatment

　　醫(yī)學(xué)英語的思想內(nèi)容決定了其表現(xiàn)形式無法被簡單的句子結(jié)構(gòu)所容納，必須借助長句、從句，有時甚至是較多的從句嵌套才能完成意義的構(gòu)建。句子結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性給翻譯理解帶來了較多的障礙和困難，因?yàn)樽g者不僅要看懂句子的外形結(jié)構(gòu)，還要能理解其深層結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯關(guān)系，才能準(zhǔn)確地把握語義。

　　The ideological content of medical English determines that its form of expression can not be accommodated by simple sentence structure. The construction of meaning can only be completed with the help of long sentences, clauses and sometimes even more nested clauses. The complexity of sentence structure brings more obstacles and difficulties to translation understanding, because translators should not only understand the shape and structure of sentences, but also understand the logical relationship of their deep structure in order to accurately grasp semantics.

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