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《中國(guó)關(guān)鍵詞：抗擊新冠肺炎疫情篇》（第三批）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2020-03-31 08:16 點(diǎn)擊：
《中國(guó)關(guān)鍵詞：抗擊新冠肺炎疫情篇》Key Words to Understand China: The Fight Against COVID-19一、 中央決策
Decisions by the Central Leadership
1. 讓黨旗在防控疫情斗爭(zhēng)第一線高高飄揚(yáng)
在中國(guó)，一個(gè)黨員就是一面旗幟，一個(gè)支部就是一座堡壘。2020年1月27日，習(xí)近平作出重要指示，讓黨旗在防控疫情斗爭(zhēng)第一線高高飄揚(yáng)。這一嚴(yán)明號(hào)令、有力動(dòng)員，鼓舞和激勵(lì)著廣大黨員干部沖鋒在防控疫情斗爭(zhēng)第一線，堅(jiān)決遏制疫情蔓延勢(shì)頭，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)社會(huì)大局穩(wěn)定、守護(hù)人民幸福安康。
讓黨旗在防控疫情斗爭(zhēng)第一線高高飄揚(yáng)，各級(jí)黨委必須統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、統(tǒng)一指揮、統(tǒng)一行動(dòng)。要增強(qiáng)“四個(gè)意識(shí)”、堅(jiān)定“四個(gè)自信”、做到“兩個(gè)維護(hù)”，把思想和行動(dòng)統(tǒng)一到習(xí)近平重要講話、重要指示和中央政治局常委會(huì)會(huì)議精神上來(lái)，統(tǒng)一到黨中央決策部署上來(lái)。要充分發(fā)揮好黨支部戰(zhàn)斗堡壘作用、黨員先鋒模范作用，全面貫徹堅(jiān)定信心、同舟共濟(jì)、科學(xué)防治、精準(zhǔn)施策的總要求。在防控疫情的嚴(yán)峻斗爭(zhēng)中，各級(jí)黨組織和廣大黨員干部要把初心寫(xiě)在行動(dòng)上，把使命落在崗位上，讓每個(gè)黨支部都成為堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的戰(zhàn)斗堡壘，每名黨員都成為一面鮮紅的旗幟。
Let the Party Flag Fly High on the Front Line of the Anti-Epidemic War.
In China, a Party member is like a flag and a Party branch is like a fortress. On January 27, Xi Jinping instructed letting the Party flag fly high on the front line of the war against the epidemic. Obeying this mobilization order, numerous Party members and officials are inspired to take firm actions on the front line, and resolutely safeguard overall social stability and the well-being of the people.
To let the Party flag fly high on the front line of the war, Party committees at all levels must follow the unified leadership and command and take unified action. They need to enhance their consciousness of maintaining political integrity, thinking in big-picture terms, following the leadership core, and keeping in alignment with the central Party leadership, have confidence in the socialist path, theory, system and culture, and resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the CPC Central Committee and in the whole Party and uphold the authority of the CPC Central Committee and its centralized and unified leadership. They must unify their thinking and action with the guidelines of Xi Jinping’s speeches and directives and the meetings of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and with the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee.
It is necessary to give full play to the role of Party branches and the exemplary vanguard role of Party members, and fully implement the central leadership’s general requirement of “being united to take science-based and targeted measures and fight the epidemic with confidence.”In this grave struggle against the epidemic, Party organizations at all levels and the vast number of Party members and officials must turn their mission of serving the people into firm actions and work diligently on their posts. Only in this way, every Party branch can become a strong fighting fortress and every Party member can become a high-flying Party flag.2. 黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要堅(jiān)守崗位、靠前指揮、強(qiáng)化擔(dān)當(dāng)
2020年1月25日，習(xí)近平在中共中央政治局常委會(huì)專題會(huì)議上指出，各級(jí)黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部，特別是主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要堅(jiān)守崗位、靠前指揮，在防控疫情斗爭(zhēng)中經(jīng)受考驗(yàn)，深入防控疫情第一線，及時(shí)發(fā)聲指導(dǎo)，及時(shí)掌握疫情，及時(shí)采取行動(dòng)，做到守土有責(zé)、守土盡責(zé)。2月10日，習(xí)近平在北京市調(diào)研指導(dǎo)新冠肺炎疫情防控工作時(shí)再次強(qiáng)調(diào)，各級(jí)黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要靠前指揮、強(qiáng)化擔(dān)當(dāng)。
這是動(dòng)員令，也是宣言書(shū)，更是軍令狀。這場(chǎng)嚴(yán)峻復(fù)雜的抗疫戰(zhàn)斗，對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部而言既是政治素質(zhì)和全局觀念的重大考驗(yàn)，又是宗旨意識(shí)和為民情懷的重大考驗(yàn)。作為“關(guān)鍵少數(shù)”，各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部應(yīng)主動(dòng)擔(dān)當(dāng)作為，發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用，筑起基層防控堡壘。打贏疫情防控的人民戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)，絕不容許推諉扯皮，對(duì)于作風(fēng)漂浮、失職瀆職者必須追究責(zé)任、依法懲處。實(shí)踐證明，能不能打贏這場(chǎng)仗，能不能做好防控工作，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部的治理能力是關(guān)鍵因素，必須具備相應(yīng)的危機(jī)處理能力、資源調(diào)度能力、社會(huì)管理能力和輿論引導(dǎo)能力。
Leading Officials Must Stand Fast at Post, Command at the Forefront, and Shoulder Their Responsibilities.
Addressing the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on January 25, 2020, Xi Jinping demanded Party and government officials at all levels, especially leading ones, stand fast at their posts and command at the forefront. They must stand the test in the fight against the epidemic, go deep into the front line, give guidance in time, closely monitor the situation and promptly take actions. They must perform their due responsibilities and try their best.
He reiterated the responsibilities of leading Party and government officials at all levels during an inspection of the epidemic prevention work in Beijing on February 10.
This is a mobilization and an order. For leading officials, the severe and complicated battle is a major test of their political quality, their sense of mission and their care of the people. They must take the initiative and play a key role in building up the stronghold at the grassroots level.
To win the nation’s war on the epidemic, prevarication and buck-passing must not be allowed, and those with superficial conduct or dereliction of duty shall be called to account and punished according to the law. Practices have proved that the governance capacity of leading officials is a critical factor to win this war and to effective epidemic control. The officials must have strong capabilities in crisis management, resource distribution, social administration and public relations.3. 做好疫情防控工作，直接關(guān)系人民生命安全和身體健康，直接關(guān)系經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)大局穩(wěn)定，也事關(guān)我國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放2020年2月3日，習(xí)近平總書(shū)記主持召開(kāi)專題會(huì)議并強(qiáng)調(diào)，做好疫情防控工作，直接關(guān)系人民生命安全和身體健康，直接關(guān)系經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)大局穩(wěn)定，也事關(guān)我國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放。
疫情防控工作直接關(guān)系人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全和身體健康。這就要求各級(jí)政府全力以赴救治患者，保障醫(yī)療防護(hù)物資供應(yīng)，努力提高收治率和治愈率、降低感染率和病死率，這也是防控工作的突出任務(wù)。必須統(tǒng)籌做好人員調(diào)配，盡量把精兵強(qiáng)將集中起來(lái)，把重癥病人集中起來(lái)，統(tǒng)一進(jìn)行救治，及時(shí)推廣各醫(yī)院救治重癥病人的有效做法。疫情防控工作直接關(guān)系經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)大局穩(wěn)定。這就要求各級(jí)黨委和政府繼續(xù)為實(shí)現(xiàn)今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展目標(biāo)任務(wù)而努力，切實(shí)維護(hù)正常的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)秩序。必須在加強(qiáng)疫情防控的同時(shí)，通過(guò)落實(shí)“菜籃子”市長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制，積極組織蔬菜等副食品生產(chǎn)，加強(qiáng)物資調(diào)配和市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)等措施，努力保持生產(chǎn)生活平穩(wěn)有序，確保蔬菜、肉蛋奶、糧食等居民生活必需品供應(yīng)。
疫情防控工作事關(guān)我國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放。這就要求中國(guó)優(yōu)先保障在全球供應(yīng)鏈中有重要影響的龍頭企業(yè)和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)供應(yīng)，維護(hù)全球供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定。只有站在全球供應(yīng)鏈核心節(jié)點(diǎn)上的中國(guó)行業(yè)企業(yè)及時(shí)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、中國(guó)機(jī)器有序開(kāi)動(dòng)，全球供應(yīng)鏈才能保持穩(wěn)定。
Epidemic Control: Directly Affecting People’s Lives and Health, Overall Economic and Social Stability, and China’s Opening Up
At the meeting on February 3, Xi Jinping pointed out that epidemic prevention and control directly affects people’s lives and health, the overall economic and social stability, and China’s opening up to the outside world.As it directly affects people’s lives, property and health, governments at all levels must spare no pains to save patients, and ensure the supply of medical protective equipment, so as to raise the hospital admission rate and the recovery rate, and lower the infection rate and the case fatality rate. All these are very important to epidemic prevention and control. It is necessary to coordinate personnel deployment, concentrate the best medical workers, put together all severe cases for treatment, and rapidly promote the effective practices of various hospitals in curing severe patients.
As it directly affects the overall economic and social stability, Party committees and governments at all levels must make efforts to achieve the goals and tasks of this year’s economic and social development, and earnestly maintain normal economic and social order. While combating the epidemic, city mayors need to ensure the “vegetable basket” (non-grain food supply) and actively organize production of vegetables and other non-staple foods, efficiently allocate materials and market supply, strive to maintain stability and order in production and life, and guarantee the supply of vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, grain and other daily necessities for residents.As it directly affects China’s opening up to the outside world, the country need to give priority to the resumption of production and supply by leading enterprises and key links in the global supply chain, in order to maintain stability of the chain. Only when China sets in motion in an orderly manner and Chinese enterprises keep operating smoothly, can the global supply chain remain stable.4. 同時(shí)間賽跑，與病魔較量
2020年2月3日，習(xí)近平主持召開(kāi)專題會(huì)議并強(qiáng)調(diào)，同時(shí)間賽跑、與病魔較量，堅(jiān)決遏制疫情蔓延勢(shì)頭，堅(jiān)決打贏疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)。這一要求，彰顯了人民利益高于一切的執(zhí)政理念，傳遞出分秒必爭(zhēng)戰(zhàn)勝病魔的堅(jiān)定信心。時(shí)間就是生命，抗擊疫情，就是一場(chǎng)與時(shí)間的賽跑。在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，黨員干部沖鋒在前，醫(yī)護(hù)人員日夜奔忙，火神山醫(yī)院、雷神山醫(yī)院建設(shè)者忘我鏖戰(zhàn)，億萬(wàn)中國(guó)人民行動(dòng)起來(lái)，匯聚起一股強(qiáng)大的戰(zhàn)斗力量。在防控疫情這場(chǎng)沒(méi)有硝煙的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，每一次微小的勝利，都是爭(zhēng)分奪秒奮勇拼搏的結(jié)果。疫情是魔鬼，戰(zhàn)勝疫情，就是贏得與魔鬼的較量。要拿出強(qiáng)勁的勇氣和實(shí)力，不能讓魔鬼藏匿。要用科研攻關(guān)與它較量，在新冠病毒疫苗的研發(fā)方面不斷取得新進(jìn)展；用團(tuán)結(jié)奮戰(zhàn)與它較量，打響疫情防控的人民戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)；用過(guò)硬作風(fēng)與它較量，各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部深入防控一線，雷厲風(fēng)行解決突出問(wèn)題，及時(shí)為群眾排憂解難，有力推動(dòng)各項(xiàng)防控工作貫徹落實(shí)。
Racing Against the Clock to Fight the Disease
While presiding over a meeting on February 3, Xi Jinping called for racing against the clock to fight the disease. He demanded all-out efforts to resolutely curb the spread of the epidemic and win the battle against it. This reflects the ruling idea that takes the interests of the people above all else.
Time is crucial for saving lives, and it is vital to race against time to fight the epidemic. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core, Party members and officials charged forward, medical personnel worked non-stop shifts, constructors were heavily occupied day and night to build the Huoshenshan and Leishenshan hospitals, and hundreds of millions of Chinese people took actions and formed a powerful fighting force. There is no smoke of gunpowder in this war against the epidemic, but every small victory is the result of fighting courageously against the clock.
Facing such a devil, we must be very brave and use our full strength against it, and not let it hide anywhere. We need to tackle key problems through scientific research, and develop effective vaccines as early as possible. We need to wage a people’s war and fight with solidarity. Leading officials must go deep into the front line, solve prominent problems, and alleviate people’s sufferings, in an effort to promote epidemic prevention and control.二、政策部署Anti-Epidemic Guidelines and Arrangements
1. 優(yōu)先滿足一線醫(yī)護(hù)人員和救治病人需要
2020年2月3日，習(xí)近平主持召開(kāi)中共中央政治局常委會(huì)會(huì)議，強(qiáng)調(diào)要重點(diǎn)抓好防治力量的區(qū)域統(tǒng)籌，堅(jiān)決把救治資源和防護(hù)資源集中到抗擊疫情第一線，優(yōu)先滿足一線醫(yī)護(hù)人員和救治病人需要。2月14日，習(xí)近平在中共中央全面深化改革委員會(huì)第十二次會(huì)議講話中強(qiáng)調(diào)，要平戰(zhàn)結(jié)合、補(bǔ)齊短板，健全優(yōu)化重大疫情救治體系，建立健全分級(jí)、分層、分流的傳染病等重大疫情救治機(jī)制，支持一線臨床技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，及時(shí)推廣有效救治方案。2月23日，習(xí)近平在統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)新冠肺炎疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展工作部署會(huì)議講話中強(qiáng)調(diào)，要發(fā)揮好高水平醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)作用，把好鋼用在刀刃上，在重癥救治、病例指導(dǎo)、方案優(yōu)化等方面更好發(fā)揮他們的作用。
醫(yī)務(wù)人員是戰(zhàn)勝疫情的中堅(jiān)力量。從醫(yī)院救治一線到科研攻關(guān)前沿，從完善診療方案、精心救治患者，到治愈率不斷提高、病亡率持續(xù)下降，各地不斷傳來(lái)患者治愈出院的好消息。廣大醫(yī)務(wù)人員為打贏疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)筑起了生命防線、提供了專業(yè)支撐。
各級(jí)黨委和政府積極采取務(wù)實(shí)、貼心的舉措，幫助廣大醫(yī)務(wù)人員解決實(shí)際困難和問(wèn)題，免除后顧之憂。措施體現(xiàn)在三個(gè)方面：把生活保障做到位，改善工作和休息條件，合理安排醫(yī)務(wù)人員輪休，落實(shí)有關(guān)待遇，提供良好后勤服務(wù)；把安全保障做到位，醫(yī)療防護(hù)物資優(yōu)先滿足一線醫(yī)護(hù)人員和救治病人需要，加大對(duì)暴力傷醫(yī)違法行為打擊力度；把人文關(guān)懷做到位，加強(qiáng)心理危機(jī)干預(yù)和心理疏導(dǎo)，保護(hù)好醫(yī)務(wù)人員身心健康。
Ensuring Priority Access of Frontline Medical Workers and Patients
On February 3, at the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Xi Jinping underscored coordination among epidemic prevention and control forces among different regions, and demanded concentrating treatment and protective resources on the front line and giving priority to the needs of frontline medical workers and patients.
On February 14, at the meeting of the Commission for Comprehensive Reform under the CPC Central Committee, Xi emphasized the need to get prepared for both peacetime and epidemic time, improve the areas of weakness, improve the medical treatment system for major epidemics, establish a sound graded, multilevel treatment mechanism for infectious diseases and other major epidemic situations, support innovations of frontline clinical technology, and promptly promote effective treatment plans.
On February 23, speaking to the meeting held to coordinate epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, he called for giving full play to the high-level medical teams where they are most needed: curing severe cases, guiding medical practices, and optimizing treatment plans.
Medical workers are the backbone force in defeating the epidemic. From saving lives in frontline hospitals to conducting research to tackle key problems, from updating the guidelines on diagnosis and treatment, treating the patients with all possible approaches, to continuously raising the recovery rate and lowering the case fatality rate, heartening reports are pouring in from all over the country as more and more patients are cured and discharged from the hospital. A large number of medical workers have built a line of defense and provided professional support for winning the war.
Party committees and governments at all levels have actively taken pragmatic and intimate measures to help medical workers overcome difficulties, solve problems, and eliminate worries: (1) offering them more support in daily life by improving their working and resting conditions, properly arranging off-days in rotation, implementing relevant preferential policies and providing good logistics services; (2) offering them more security assurance by first providing sufficient medical protective materials to frontline medical workers and patients, and punishing illegal acts of hospital violence; and (3) offering them more humanistic care and psychological intervention and counseling, and protecting both their physical and mental health.2. 防控力量向社區(qū)下沉
2020年2月10日，習(xí)近平在北京調(diào)研指導(dǎo)新冠肺炎疫情防控工作時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)，社區(qū)是疫情聯(lián)防聯(lián)控的第一線，也是外防輸入、內(nèi)防擴(kuò)散最有效的防線，把社區(qū)這道防線守住，就能有效切斷疫情擴(kuò)散蔓延的渠道，全國(guó)都要充分發(fā)揮社區(qū)在疫情防控中的阻擊作用，把防控力量向社區(qū)下沉，加強(qiáng)社區(qū)各項(xiàng)防控措施的落實(shí)，使所有社區(qū)成為疫情防控的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)堡壘。
社區(qū)是城市管理的神經(jīng)末梢，是最基本的管理單元，也是力量相對(duì)薄弱的地方。疫情發(fā)生以來(lái)，中國(guó)各地充分發(fā)揮社區(qū)在疫情防控中的阻擊作用，把防控力量沉到基層、落到實(shí)處。從入戶排查到重點(diǎn)人群監(jiān)控，從疫情發(fā)現(xiàn)報(bào)告到病患及時(shí)收治，廣大社區(qū)構(gòu)筑起疫情防控的人民防線；廣大黨員干部沖上一線，拿出戰(zhàn)時(shí)狀態(tài)的精氣神和行動(dòng)力，靠前指揮、沖在一線，在緊張的戰(zhàn)斗中提高能力、錘煉作風(fēng)；社區(qū)工作人員用腳步丈量民情民意，及時(shí)掌握在材料報(bào)表和辦公室里察覺(jué)不到的情況，通過(guò)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題推動(dòng)防控工作做實(shí)做細(xì)，與廣大群眾一起為奪取疫情防控最終勝利而不懈努力。
Empowering Communities to Prevent and Control the Spread of the Coronavirus
When inspecting Beijing’s COVID-19 prevention on February 10, Xi Jinping stressed that the community is the front line of joint prevention and control, and the most effective line of defense to stop the coronavirus from entering and spreading within a region. We can effectively cut off the route of spread if we hold firm the line of defense at the communities. The communities need play their due role, and they should also be empowered to apply various prevention and control measures, so that every community will become a strong bastion defending against the epidemic.
Communities are the nerve endings of urban management. They are also where the administration is relatively weak. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, communities across China have been fully mobilized to conduct door-to-door screening, monitoring of target groups, and detection of suspected cases for timely treatment. A large number of Party members and officials have rushed to the front line and take on resolute actions on a war footing. And this has helped improve their abilities and conduct. Many community workers have visited the families in need to learn about the true situation, which they will never find in report forms and their offices, and in getting the problems solved they have promoted epidemic prevention and control earnestly. And by working with the residents, they build great synergy to win the final victory over the epidemic.3. 統(tǒng)籌疫情防控與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)秩序恢復(fù)
2020年2月12日，習(xí)近平主持召開(kāi)中共中央政治局常委會(huì)會(huì)議，強(qiáng)調(diào)要統(tǒng)籌疫情防控與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)秩序恢復(fù)。會(huì)議指出，今年是全面建成小康社會(huì)和“十三五”規(guī)劃收官之年，各級(jí)黨委和政府要努力把新冠肺炎疫情影響降到最低，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行和社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)黨中央確定的各項(xiàng)目標(biāo)任務(wù)；要加大宏觀政策調(diào)節(jié)力度，針對(duì)疫情帶來(lái)的影響，研究制定相應(yīng)政策措施；要更好發(fā)揮積極的財(cái)政政策作用，加大資金投入，保障好各地疫情防控資金需要；要繼續(xù)研究出臺(tái)階段性、有針對(duì)性的減稅降費(fèi)措施，緩解企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難；要保持穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策靈活適度，對(duì)防疫物資生產(chǎn)企業(yè)加大優(yōu)惠利率信貸支持力度，對(duì)受疫情影響較大的地區(qū)、行業(yè)和企業(yè)完善差異化優(yōu)惠金融服務(wù)；要以更大力度實(shí)施好就業(yè)優(yōu)先政策，完善支持中小微企業(yè)的財(cái)稅、金融、社保等政策；要在確保做好防疫工作的前提下，分類指導(dǎo)，有序推動(dòng)央企、國(guó)企等各類企業(yè)復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)；要多措并舉做好高校畢業(yè)生等群體就業(yè)工作，確保就業(yè)大局穩(wěn)定。
2020年2月23日，習(xí)近平在統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)新冠肺炎疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展工作部署會(huì)議的講話中強(qiáng)調(diào)，各級(jí)黨委和政府要堅(jiān)定必勝信念，咬緊牙關(guān)，繼續(xù)毫不放松抓緊抓實(shí)抓細(xì)各項(xiàng)防控工作；要變壓力為動(dòng)力、善于化危為機(jī)，有序恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)生活秩序，強(qiáng)化“六穩(wěn)”舉措，加大政策調(diào)節(jié)力度，把國(guó)家發(fā)展的巨大潛力和強(qiáng)大動(dòng)能充分釋放出來(lái)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展目標(biāo)任務(wù)。
統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展工作，關(guān)鍵是抓好中央決策部署的貫徹落實(shí)。疫情嚴(yán)重或高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)繼續(xù)集中精力抓好疫情防控工作，中風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)依據(jù)防控形勢(shì)有序復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)，低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)地區(qū)把防控策略調(diào)整到外防輸入上來(lái)，全面恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)生活秩序。
Coordinating Epidemic Prevention and Control and Restoration of Economic and Social Order
While presiding over a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on February 12, Xi Jinping called for coordinating epidemic prevention and control and restoration of economic and social order. As China will complete building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects and conclude its 13th Five-year Plan in 2020, Party committees and governments at all levels must strive to minimize the impacts of the COVID-19 epidemic, maintain smooth economic operation and social stability, and fulfill the goals and tasks set by the CPC Central Committee. They need to do the following work:
* strengthening macro policy regulation and formulating policies and measures to address epidemic impacts;
* better leveraging a proactive fiscal policy and increasing budgetary input to ensure the funding for epidemic prevention and control in various localities;
* introducing phased and targeted measures of tax cuts and fee reductions to alleviate the operational difficulties of enterprises;
* maintaining a prudent and flexible monetary policy, providing more credit aid with preferential interest rates to enterprises producing anti-epidemic materials, and improving differentiated preferential financial services for the areas, industries and enterprises hard-hit by the epidemic;
* making greater efforts to implement the employment priority policy, and improving the fiscal, taxation, financial and social insurance policies that support small and medium-sized enterprises;
* giving classified guidance for the resumption of work and production of central and state-owned enterprises and other businesses in an orderly manner on the premise of ensuring all epidemic prevention work is done well; and
* taking multiple measures to promote the employment of college graduates and other groups, and ensure overall stability of employment.
On February 23, at the meeting held to make overall arrangements in advancing prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic and getting the economy and society back to normal, Xi Jinping emphasized that Party committees and governments at all levels must have confidence in victory, bite the bullet, and continue to implement prevention and control measures without the slightest slackening. They need to turn pressure into power and turn adversity into opportunities, and restore production and livelihood of the people in an orderly manner. They should work to maintain stability in employment, financial operations, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations, strengthen policy regulation, fully release the great potential and strong momentum of the whole nation, and strive to achieve the goals and tasks set for this year’s economic and social development.
To coordinate the endeavors, the key lies in implementing the decisions and deployments made by the CPC Central Committee. The regions hit hard by the epidemic or regions with high risk of infection should continue to concentrate on epidemic prevention and control; the medium-risk regions should resume work and production in an orderly manner; and the low-risk regions should shift their focus to guard against imported cases from outside, and fully restore local production and livelihood of the people.4. 武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)
2020年2月11日，習(xí)近平通過(guò)視頻連線聽(tīng)取中央指導(dǎo)組、湖北指揮部匯報(bào)時(shí)作出部署，要求堅(jiān)決打贏武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)。
武漢勝則湖北勝，湖北勝則全國(guó)勝。一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，疫情防控處于膠著對(duì)壘狀態(tài)，湖北和武漢疫情形勢(shì)仍然十分嚴(yán)峻。打贏武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)，首先要清醒認(rèn)識(shí)武漢疫情的特殊性，武漢是疫情初發(fā)地，不僅早發(fā)多發(fā)，而且比市外省外更為長(zhǎng)久、更為嚴(yán)重；其次要清醒認(rèn)識(shí)武漢疫情的不確定性，與輸入地相比，武漢感染者底數(shù)沒(méi)有完全摸清，蔓延擴(kuò)散的規(guī)模也沒(méi)有較為精準(zhǔn)的估計(jì)預(yù)測(cè)；再次要清醒認(rèn)識(shí)武漢防控工作的薄弱點(diǎn)，疫情防控還存在確診難、收治難、隔離難、保障難等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)；此外，輿情應(yīng)對(duì)較為被動(dòng)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿情引導(dǎo)不到位、辟謠不及時(shí)，這些都影響了社會(huì)輿論環(huán)境。
The War to Defend Wuhan Against the Coronavirus
On February 11, in a video call with the Central Guiding Team and Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter, Xi Jinping ordered to resolutely defend Wuhan and Hubei and win the war against the coronavirus.
If Wuhan wins, Hubei wins. If Hubei wins, the whole country wins. For quiet a long time to come, epidemic prevention and control will remain a stalemate, and the epidemic situation in Wuhan and Hubei is very grim. To defeat the virus and protect Wuhan, people must first have a clear understanding of the particularity of the epidemic in the city. Wuhan is where the outbreak first occurred and the city has reported the most cases of infection, and the epidemic is predicted to last longer here and cause more serious damages to Wuhan than other places. Second, people need to have a clear understanding of the uncertainty of the epidemic in Wuhan, as the city has no actual number of its infected people, and the scale of spread is not predictable. Third, they need to have a clear understanding of the weakness in Wuhan’s epidemic prevention and control, as there are still difficulties in definite diagnosis, hospital admission, isolation and daily life support. Besides, there are problems such as passive response to public concerns, indolence in managing social media sentiment, and sluggishness in refuting rumors, all of which have affected the social opinion environment.5. 湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)
2020年2月11日，習(xí)近平通過(guò)視頻連線聽(tīng)取中央指導(dǎo)組、湖北指揮部匯報(bào)時(shí)作出部署，要求堅(jiān)決打贏武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)。
疫情防控，湖北和武漢是重中之重；打贏疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)，湖北和武漢是決勝之地。武漢勝則湖北勝，湖北勝則全國(guó)勝。要打贏湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)，疫情防控這張大網(wǎng)中絕不允許存在任何一個(gè)盲點(diǎn)和漏洞。湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指揮部多次要求，落實(shí)全面排查，狠抓源頭防控，充實(shí)收治力量，錨定“清零”目標(biāo)。全省迅速作出響應(yīng)，各地不斷充實(shí)力量，下沉街道、社區(qū)、農(nóng)村，全面排查患者人數(shù)、醫(yī)院床位數(shù)等，盡最大努力加快疑似患者的檢測(cè)、隔離以及確診患者的收治、診療工作。
穩(wěn)住了湖北和武漢疫情，就穩(wěn)住了全國(guó)大局。為了更好完成對(duì)口支援任務(wù)，各省份精細(xì)籌備、精準(zhǔn)施策、強(qiáng)化保障，一批批醫(yī)務(wù)人員和物資集結(jié)到一線，全力支持湖北各地市加強(qiáng)病人救治、疫情防控工作；數(shù)十家單位緊密配合，各地建設(shè)力量迅速匯聚，短時(shí)間內(nèi)建好武漢火神山、雷神山醫(yī)院；軍隊(duì)保證醫(yī)療物資和人員有效投送，抽組大量醫(yī)護(hù)人員奔赴疫情防控最前線。力量向湖北集結(jié)，資源向湖北傾斜，凝聚起眾志成城抗擊疫情的強(qiáng)大力量。
The War to Defend Hubei Against the Coronavirus
On February 11, in a video call with the Central Guiding Team and Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter, Xi Jinping ordered to resolutely defend Wuhan and Hubei and win the war against the coronavirus.
Wuhan and Hubei are the top priorities for epidemic prevention and control, and they are the decisive places to win the war against the coronavirus. If Wuhan wins, Hubei wins. If Hubei wins, the whole country wins. To secure a victory, no blind spot or loophole shall be allowed in the large network of epidemic prevention and control.
Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters has reiterated the importance of conducting thorough screening to stop the epidemic at its source, and expanding the admission capacity to achieve the goal of “zero infection.” The whole province quickly responded, dispatching a large number of workers to the communities and villages to check the number of patients and hospital beds, and trying the utmost to accelerate detection and isolation of suspected cases and admission and treatment of confirmed cases.
The situation of the whole country will become stabilized if the epidemic in Wuhan and Hubei is put under control. To better render paired-up assistance, various provinces have made meticulous preparations, worked out precise policies, sent medical workers and materials to support every single city of Hubei province. Thanks to close cooperation of dozens of units and combined efforts of construction forces from across the country, the two hospitals – Huoshenshan and Leishenshan – were built in a very short time. The military also ensured effective delivery of medical supplies and personnel and dispatched a large number of medical workers to the forefront. Together they formed a great force in support of Hubei fighting the epidemic.三、具體措施Effective Measures
1. 成立國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控工作機(jī)制科研攻關(guān)組
人類同疫病較量最有力的武器就是科學(xué)技術(shù)，戰(zhàn)勝大災(zāi)大疫離不開(kāi)科學(xué)發(fā)展和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。習(xí)近平在考察科研攻關(guān)工作時(shí)指出，防控新冠肺炎疫情斗爭(zhēng)有兩條戰(zhàn)線，一條是疫情防控第一線，另一條就是科研和物資生產(chǎn)，兩條戰(zhàn)線要相互配合、并肩作戰(zhàn)。
2020年1月20日，按照中共中央國(guó)務(wù)院決策部署，科技部、國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委、發(fā)展改革委、教育部、財(cái)政部、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、海關(guān)總署、國(guó)家林草局、中國(guó)科學(xué)院、國(guó)家藥監(jiān)局、國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥局、中央軍委后勤保障部等部門和單位迅速響應(yīng)，成立國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控工作機(jī)制科研攻關(guān)組（簡(jiǎn)稱“科研攻關(guān)組”），并成立以鐘南山院士為組長(zhǎng)、14位專家組成的科研攻關(guān)專家組，組織動(dòng)員全國(guó)優(yōu)勢(shì)科研力量開(kāi)展攻關(guān)。
科研攻關(guān)組圍繞“可溯、可診、可治、可防”的防控需求，主要開(kāi)展四方面工作：一是確定科研主攻方向，即臨床救治和藥物、疫苗研發(fā)、檢測(cè)技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品、病毒病原學(xué)和流行病學(xué)、動(dòng)物模型構(gòu)建等五大主攻方向；二是快速部署應(yīng)急任務(wù)，啟動(dòng)科技攻關(guān)應(yīng)急專項(xiàng)，組織跨學(xué)科、跨領(lǐng)域的科研團(tuán)隊(duì)，聯(lián)合地方省市、動(dòng)員社會(huì)和企業(yè)力量開(kāi)展科技攻關(guān)和應(yīng)急研發(fā)；三是與醫(yī)療救治組建立協(xié)同機(jī)制，加快階段性研究成果在臨床救治方面的快速應(yīng)用；四是加強(qiáng)規(guī)范管理和服務(wù)，通過(guò)印發(fā)政策文件、出臺(tái)指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)等措施，確�？蒲泄リP(guān)工作合法合規(guī)推進(jìn)。
截至2月底，在中央決策部署下，全國(guó)科技界團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作、爭(zhēng)分奪秒，先后啟動(dòng)了四批共20個(gè)應(yīng)急攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目，各主攻方向均取得階段性進(jìn)展，為打贏疫情防控的人民戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)提供強(qiáng)大科技支撐。
The Scientific Research and Innovation Team Under the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council
Science and technology offers humanity the most powerful weapon to control disease, and scientific development and technological innovation are indispensable in curing diseases and fighting epidemics.When inspecting relevant scientific R&D programs, Xi Jinping pointed out that there are two battle lines in the war against the coronavirus: epidemic prevention and control, and scientific research and equipment production. He urged the workers on these two battle linesto cooperate and fight side by side.
Following the decision and deployment made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the scientific research and innovation team under the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council (“Scientific Research and Innovation Team” for short) was established on January 20, including members from the Ministry of Science and Technology, the NHC, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the General Administration of Customs, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Medical Products Administration, the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission and other government departments and agencies. China’s COVID-19 Expert Team, headed by Academician Zhong Nanshan and composed of 14 experts, was also established to organize and lead scientific research faculties across the country to tackle key problems.
In line with the principle of “tracing the infection source, diagnosing the disease, curing the patients, and blocking the virus,” the Scientific Research and Innovation Team has mainly carried out work in four aspects: (1) to determine five major directions of scientific research – clinical treatment, drugs and vaccine research and development, detection technology and products, viral etiology and epidemiology, and animal model construction; (2) to deploy emergency tasks without delay, including launching emergency projects for tackling key scientific and technological problems, organizing cross-disciplinary and cross-domain research teams, carrying out scientific research and emergency R&D by collaborating with provincial and municipal government departments and enterprises; (3) to establish a cooperation mechanism with the medical treatment team to accelerate the application of phased research results in clinical treatment; and (4) to enhance procedure-based management and services, and ensure that scientific research follows the law and relevant regulations.
By the end of February, scientists and researchers across the country had worked together against the clock and started 20 emergency projects in four batches, and phased progress had been made in all major scientific research directions, providing strong support to the nation’s war on the epidemic.2. 應(yīng)收盡收、應(yīng)治盡治
控制源頭、切斷傳播途徑，是傳染病防控的治本之策。新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，習(xí)近平多次作出重要指示，要求堅(jiān)決做到應(yīng)收盡收，全力做好救治工作，切實(shí)提高收治率和治愈率、降低感染率和病亡率。各省市相繼出臺(tái)措施，圍繞篩查、轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)、收治和治療四個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)全面加強(qiáng)收治工作。
2020年1月26日，武漢市要求所有醫(yī)院發(fā)熱門診24小時(shí)接診，其中確診和高度疑似新冠肺炎的患者，醫(yī)院必須“應(yīng)收盡收”，統(tǒng)一收治。2月17日，湖北省武漢市等疫情重點(diǎn)地區(qū)開(kāi)展集中拉網(wǎng)式大排查，對(duì)“四類人員”進(jìn)行清底摸排。各地根據(jù)防控救治需要，通過(guò)優(yōu)化暢通收治轉(zhuǎn)診通道、改造擴(kuò)容定點(diǎn)醫(yī)院、增加醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)床位、優(yōu)化診療方案等有效措施提高收治能力，取得積極效果。有關(guān)部門和機(jī)構(gòu)開(kāi)設(shè)線上求助通道，征集各地遇到就醫(yī)困難的患者信息，助力應(yīng)收盡收、應(yīng)治盡治。
堅(jiān)決做到應(yīng)收盡收、應(yīng)治盡治，是徹底戰(zhàn)勝疫情的關(guān)鍵之舉，也是落實(shí)“集中患者、集中專家、集中資源、集中救治”要求的重要原則，為推動(dòng)疫情防控形勢(shì)加速向好提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)保障。
Admitting All Suspected and Confirmed Cases for Treatment
Controlling the source and cutting off the route of transmission are the fundamental measures for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, Xi Jinping has given instructions on many occasions, demanding all-out efforts to admit all suspected and confirmed cases for treatment, raise the hospital admission rate and the recovery rate, and lower the infection rate and the case fatality rate. Successively, various provinces and cities have adopted measures to comprehensively strengthen patients screening, transferring, hospital admission and treatment.
On January 26, 2020, Wuhan demanded that fever clinics of all hospitals must operate round the clock to admit all confirmed and highly suspected cases, and put them together for treatment. On February 17, Wuhan and other regions in Hubei that were severely hit by the epidemic launched massive dragnet screening of potential virus carriers to get accurate information about the four groups of people (confirmed cases, suspected cases, febrile patients and close contacts).
Various localities have taken effective measures to raise the hospital admission and treatment capability, such as optimizing patient transfer channel, rebuilding and expanding designated hospitals, increasing beds in medical institutions, and improving diagnosis and treatment plans. Effective results have been accomplished. Relevant government departments and institutions have opened online channels to collect information from patients who have difficulties in seeking medical assistance, and help them get into hospitals for treatment as soon as possible.Admitting all suspected and confirmed cases to hospital is key to thoroughly defeating the epidemic. It echoes the guiding principle of “treating the infected in dedicated facilities by senior medical professionals from all over the country and with all necessary resources,” and has provided a solid guarantee for creating positive effects in epidemic prevention and control.3. 中西醫(yī)并用
在2020年1月25日召開(kāi)的中共中央政治局常委會(huì)專題會(huì)議上，習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，要不斷完善診療方案，堅(jiān)持中西醫(yī)結(jié)合。
中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)是在不同社會(huì)文化背景下發(fā)展起來(lái)的兩種醫(yī)學(xué)體系，在應(yīng)對(duì)疾病方面各有所長(zhǎng)：西醫(yī)強(qiáng)于病毒鑒定、相關(guān)藥物和疫苗研制、危重患者生命支持等，而中醫(yī)則在調(diào)控機(jī)體、辯證施治、增強(qiáng)對(duì)疫病的抵抗力等方面擁有豐富獨(dú)到的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。“中西醫(yī)并用”療法曾在2003年抗擊非典期間取得良好效果。
在新冠肺炎疫情防控中，國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委和國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥管理局于2月21日聯(lián)合發(fā)布《關(guān)于在新冠肺炎等傳染病防治工作中建立健全中西醫(yī)協(xié)作機(jī)制的通知》，要求各地建立健全中西醫(yī)協(xié)作機(jī)制，強(qiáng)化中西醫(yī)聯(lián)合會(huì)診制度，促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥深度介入診療的全過(guò)程。國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥管理局及時(shí)派出專家前往武漢指導(dǎo)中醫(yī)辨證治療，并總結(jié)臨床救治經(jīng)驗(yàn)，將優(yōu)化調(diào)整后的中醫(yī)治療方案納入國(guó)家衛(wèi)健委印發(fā)的診療方案。各地也積極組織中醫(yī)藥精銳力量馳援武漢。截至2月21日，國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥管理局和28個(gè)�。▍^(qū)、市）630多家中醫(yī)醫(yī)院共派出近3200名醫(yī)務(wù)人員支援湖北，全國(guó)中醫(yī)藥參與救治的確診病例已經(jīng)超過(guò)6萬(wàn)例，占比達(dá)85%，中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療效果明顯。
中西醫(yī)優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)、相互促進(jìn)，共同維護(hù)和增進(jìn)民眾健康，這已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)特色醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生和健康事業(yè)的重要特征和優(yōu)勢(shì)。
Combined Use of TCM and Western Medicine
Xi Jinping proposed constant improvement of the diagnosis and treatment plans and combined use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine at the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held on January 25, 2020.
Traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine are two kinds of medical systems developed under different social and cultural backgrounds, and each has its own advantages in dealing with diseases. Western medicine is better in virus identification, development of relevant drugs and vaccines, and providing life support for critically ill patients. Traditional Chinese medicine has rich and unique experiences in regulating the human body, dialectical therapy, and enhancing resistance to epidemics and diseases. The practice of “combined use of TCM and Western medicine” had achieved good effects during China’s fight against SARS in 2003.
The NHC and the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (NATCM) jointly issued a notice on February 21, requiring all localities to establish a cooperation mechanism of TCM and Western medicine, apply joint consultation by doctors practicing TCM and Western medicine, and promote in-depth intervention of TCM in the whole process of diagnosis and treatment.
The NATCM has dispatched a group of experts to Wuhan to guide TCM treatment based on syndrome differentiation. The experts also summed up the clinical experience and incorporated the optimized TCM treatment plan into the guidelines on diagnosis and treatment released by the NHC. Various localities have also organized elite TCM forces to assist Wuhan.
By February 21, the NATCM and more than 630 TCM hospitals in 28 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) had sent nearly 3,200 medical staff to support Hubei. More than 60,000 or 85% of the confirmed cases had been treated by TCM nationwide, showing obvious therapeutic effects of combined use of TCM and Western medicine.
By drawing strength from each other and putting them into combined use, TCM and Western medicine are able to jointly maintain public health. It is also one major feature and prominent strength of China’s medical and health system.四、專有詞匯About COVID-19
1. 新型冠狀病毒肺炎
2019年12月以來(lái)，湖北省武漢市陸續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)多例不明原因肺炎病例，經(jīng)檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示冠狀病毒核酸陽(yáng)性，而后證實(shí)這是一種由新型動(dòng)物源性病毒致發(fā)的疾病。2020年2月8日，國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委將“新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎”暫命名為“新型冠狀病毒肺炎”，簡(jiǎn)稱“新冠肺炎”。2月11日，世界衛(wèi)生組織發(fā)布疫情報(bào)告，將此次由新型冠狀病毒引發(fā)的疾病正式命名為“COVID-19”。對(duì)于新冠肺炎，人群普遍缺乏免疫力，自我保護(hù)措施包括保持手部和呼吸道衛(wèi)生、堅(jiān)持安全飲食習(xí)慣、盡可能避免與任何表現(xiàn)出有呼吸道疾病癥狀的人密切接觸等。
COVID-19
In December 2019, several cases of pneumonia of unknown cause were found in Wuhan, Hubei province. Nucleic acid testing came back with positive results for the coronavirus, and it was later confirmed that the disease was caused by a new type of zoonotic virus. On February 8, 2020, the NHC temporarily named the disease “novel coronavirus pneumonia.” On February 11, the WHO released a situation report and officially named the disease caused by the novel coronavirus as “COVID-19.”
There is no known pre-existing immunity in humans, and self-protective measures include maintaining hand and respiratory hygiene, adhering to safe eating habits, and avoiding close contact with anyone who shows symptoms of respiratory diseases as far as possible.2. “三個(gè)首次”
2020年2月18日，國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布報(bào)告稱，2月17日全國(guó)單日新增確診病例首次降至2000例以內(nèi)，湖北省外單日新增確診病例首次降至100例以內(nèi)，全國(guó)單日新增死亡病例首次降至100例以內(nèi)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“三個(gè)首次”，疫情形勢(shì)出現(xiàn)向好變化。
隨著全國(guó)各地防控措施逐步落實(shí)，疫情防控效果凸顯。2月18日，全國(guó)新增治愈出院人數(shù)超過(guò)新增確診人數(shù)，首次實(shí)現(xiàn)“出大于入”。同時(shí)，全國(guó)除湖北以外地區(qū)新增確診病例數(shù)連續(xù)15日下降，較高點(diǎn)降幅達(dá)94%。據(jù)國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委統(tǒng)計(jì)，2月24日，全國(guó)23個(gè)省份及新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)實(shí)現(xiàn)零新增確診病例。但“零增長(zhǎng)”絕不意味著疫情“零風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。在全國(guó)疫情拐點(diǎn)尚未到來(lái)的攻堅(jiān)階段，容不得一絲松懈，需要繼續(xù)鞏固防控成果，抓好重癥病例的救治工作，最大程度防范輕癥轉(zhuǎn)重癥，提高治愈率。
“For the First Time” in Three Aspects
On February 18, the NHC released a report announcing “for the first time” in three aspects: On February 17, the number of newly confirmed cases across the country for the first time dropped to below 2,000 in a single day, the number of newly confirmed cases outside Hubei province for the first time dropped to below 100 in a single day, and the number of new deaths in the whole country for the first time dropped to below 100 in a single day. These indicated that the whole situation was getting better.
On February 18, the number of newly cured and discharged patients across the country exceeded that of newly confirmed cases, marking a fourth “for the first time.” The number of newly confirmed cases in other areas except Hubei had kept decreasing for 15 days in a row, with a staggering 94% drop from the peak.
According to the NHC, there was none newly confirmed case in 23 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps on February 24. Nevertheless, “zero increase” does not mean “zero risk.” In the critical stage when the national epidemic inflection point has not yet arrived, there is no room for a trace of slackness. The whole country need to consolidate the progress, ensure effective treatment of severe cases, exert every effort to prevent deterioration from mild to severe cases, and improve the recovery rate.3.《中國(guó)—世界衛(wèi)生組織新型冠狀病毒肺炎聯(lián)合考察報(bào)告》
為了迅速就中國(guó)及國(guó)際社會(huì)如何進(jìn)一步應(yīng)對(duì)新冠肺炎疫情提供信息，并為尚未受疫情影響的國(guó)家和地區(qū)如何做好應(yīng)對(duì)準(zhǔn)備提出意見(jiàn)，來(lái)自8個(gè)國(guó)家和世衛(wèi)組織的25名中外專家，在中國(guó)進(jìn)行了為期9天的調(diào)研，形成《中國(guó)—世界衛(wèi)生組織新型冠狀病毒肺炎聯(lián)合考察報(bào)告》。報(bào)告于2020年2月29日由中國(guó)國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委正式發(fā)布。
報(bào)告主要包括考察組、主要發(fā)現(xiàn)、評(píng)估和主要建議等四個(gè)方面內(nèi)容。報(bào)告指出，新冠肺炎病毒是一種動(dòng)物源性病毒，在無(wú)防護(hù)下通過(guò)飛沫和密切接觸傳播，人群普遍缺乏免疫力。報(bào)告高度評(píng)價(jià)中國(guó)在疫情防控方面所做的工作，充分肯定中國(guó)政府采取的歷史上最勇敢、最靈活、最積極的防控措施，認(rèn)為這些措施有效遏制了病原體的迅速蔓延，改變了疫情快速擴(kuò)散流行的危險(xiǎn)進(jìn)程，為全球應(yīng)對(duì)新冠肺炎提供了重要經(jīng)驗(yàn)。報(bào)告建議，尚未受疫情影響的國(guó)家應(yīng)做好隨時(shí)啟動(dòng)最高級(jí)別應(yīng)急響應(yīng)機(jī)制的準(zhǔn)備，加強(qiáng)對(duì)新冠肺炎的檢測(cè)，采取更加嚴(yán)格的防控措施等。報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)，國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)充分認(rèn)識(shí)到各國(guó)之間真正的團(tuán)結(jié)與合作對(duì)于解決新冠肺炎的共同威脅至關(guān)重要。
Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on COVID-19
To provide timely information on how China and the international community should further respond to the COVID-19 epidemic, and to offer proposals on how countries and regions that have not yet been affected by the epidemic should prepare, 25 Chinese and foreign experts from eight countries and the WHO conducted a nine-day mission in China and finished the Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was officially released by the NHC on February 29, 2020.
The report consists of four parts: the joint mission itself, major findings, assessment, and major recommendations. It points out that COVID-19 is a zoonotic virus that is transmitted via droplets and fomites during close unprotected contact between an infector and infectee, and there is no known pre-existing immunity in humans.
The report speaks highly of China’s efforts in epidemic prevention and control, fully affirms that China has rolled out perhaps the most ambitious, agile and aggressive disease containment effort in history. It holds that China’s bold approach has contained the rapid spread of the pathogen, changed the course of a rapidly escalating and deadly epidemic, and provided vital lessons for the global response to the COVID-19 epidemic.
The report recommends that countries that have not yet been affected to get prepared to immediately activate the highest level of emergency response mechanisms, immediately enhance surveillance for COVID-19, and enforce rigorous application of infection prevention and control measures. The report also stresses that the international community should recognize that true solidarity and collaboration is essential between nations to tackle the common threat that COVID-19 represents.五、國(guó)際援助International Aid
1. 普京：第一時(shí)間表示愿意援助中國(guó)
新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京第一時(shí)間向習(xí)近平發(fā)來(lái)慰問(wèn)電，表示俄羅斯全力支持中方抗擊疫情，愿提供必要的醫(yī)療物資援助，派遣防疫專家代表團(tuán)赴華，開(kāi)展聯(lián)合研制疫苗和抗疫藥物等合作。普京還在不同場(chǎng)合多次公開(kāi)表示對(duì)中國(guó)的堅(jiān)定支持。2月5日，俄羅斯派遣醫(yī)療防疫專家團(tuán)抵達(dá)武漢，這是首個(gè)來(lái)華開(kāi)展疫情防治合作的外國(guó)專家團(tuán)。2月9日，俄羅斯援助的超23噸醫(yī)療物資由專機(jī)運(yùn)抵武漢，其中有包括超過(guò)200萬(wàn)只口罩在內(nèi)的大量醫(yī)用防護(hù)用品。俄羅斯外交部發(fā)言人扎哈羅娃在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上專門用中文聲援中國(guó)抗擊疫情：“在這個(gè)艱難的時(shí)刻，俄羅斯與中國(guó)同在，俄羅斯對(duì)中國(guó)人民表示誠(chéng)摯支持，并祝愿中國(guó)人民取得最終勝利”。
俄羅斯多次捐助醫(yī)療物資，派遣防疫專家代表團(tuán)來(lái)華，各界民眾自發(fā)錄制視頻為中國(guó)加油，都充分體現(xiàn)了中俄新時(shí)代全面戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系的高水平和兩國(guó)患難與共、守望相助的深厚情誼。中俄以最快的速度合作抵御共同威脅，顯示出兩國(guó)秉持人類命運(yùn)共同體理念，深度參與全球公共衛(wèi)生治理，攜手為世界公共衛(wèi)生事業(yè)貢獻(xiàn)力量的大國(guó)擔(dān)當(dāng)。
Vladimir Putin: Expressing Willingness to Help China at the First Time
After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, Russian President Vladimir Putin immediately sent a message of sympathy to Xi Jinping, saying that Russia fully supports China in fighting the epidemic, and is willing to provide necessary medical material assistance. Under his command, Russia sent a delegation of epidemic prevention experts to China to carry out cooperation in the joint development of vaccines and anti-epidemic drugs. Putin has also publicly expressed his firm support for China on many occasions.
On February 5, a Russian medical and epidemic prevention expert team arrived in Wuhan, which was the first foreign expert team to China to carry out epidemic prevention and control cooperation. On February 9, more than 23 tons of medical supplies from Russia arrived in Wuhan by a cargo aircraft, including more than 2 million facemasks and a large number of medical protective equipment.
At a news conference, Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova expressed, in Chinese language, her solidarity with China in fighting the epidemic. “Russia stands with China during this difficult time. We are also sending our sincere support to the people of China and wish them final victory in this fight,” she said.Russia has repeatedly donated medical supplies, and sent delegations of epidemic prevention experts to China, and Russian people from all walks of life have spontaneously recorded videos to root for China. All these have fully reflected the high level of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination in the new era as well as the profound friendship between the two countries who help each other at difficult times.
China and Russia cooperate at the fastest speed to resist common threats, which shows that the two countries uphold the concept of a global community of shared future, deeply participate in global public health governance, and have shouldered the responsibility of major countries by joining hands to contribute to the world public health cause.2. 美國(guó)工商界：200萬(wàn)只口罩送到武漢
當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間2月13日，美中貿(mào)易全國(guó)委員會(huì)、美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)以及喬治·布什美中關(guān)系基金會(huì)組織了一批包括200萬(wàn)只口罩在內(nèi)的急需醫(yī)療物資運(yùn)往武漢，以幫助中國(guó)抗擊新冠肺炎疫情。由于需求量大增，美國(guó)的口罩供應(yīng)也十分緊俏，喬治·布什美中關(guān)系基金會(huì)通過(guò)其專門建立的美中新冠病毒行動(dòng)關(guān)系網(wǎng)(US-China CAN)確定了來(lái)自墨西哥的穩(wěn)定供貨源。美中貿(mào)易全國(guó)委員會(huì)主席、美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)副主席埃文·格林伯格表示，在這個(gè)關(guān)鍵的時(shí)刻，美國(guó)工商界堅(jiān)定地與中國(guó)人民站在一起。這次捐助只是眾多美國(guó)企業(yè)支援中國(guó)抗擊疫情的一個(gè)例子，美中貿(mào)易全國(guó)委員會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)克雷格·艾倫表示，這是我們?yōu)槿祟惞餐孀鞒鋈说乐髁x奉獻(xiàn)的時(shí)候，我們尤其希望向勇敢的中國(guó)醫(yī)務(wù)工作者提供幫助并致以敬意。
疫情發(fā)生后，美中貿(mào)易委員會(huì)在其官網(wǎng)上推出了“抗擊新冠病毒”的企業(yè)捐贈(zèng)指引專頁(yè)，為美國(guó)及在中國(guó)的會(huì)員企業(yè)通過(guò)捐款、支援醫(yī)療設(shè)備等方式支援中國(guó)抗擊疫情提供便利。誠(chéng)如美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)史蒂夫·歐倫斯所言，自1972年接待中國(guó)乒乓球隊(duì)至今，美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)一直致力于加深兩國(guó)人民之間的聯(lián)系，在這次疫情中，我們很欣慰可以延續(xù)這一偉大傳統(tǒng)，協(xié)助向中國(guó)人民提供急需的醫(yī)療物資。
American Business Circles: Sending 2 Million Facemasks to Wuhan
On February 13 (local time), the US-China Business Council, the National Committee on US-China Relations, and the George H. W. Bush Foundation for US-China Relations gathered a batch of urgently needed medical supplies including 2 million facemasks and had them delivered to Wuhan to help China fight the COVID-19 epidemic. Facing the huge increase in demand and the tight supply of facemasks in the US, the Bush China Foundation was able to find a stable supply from Mexico through its specially established US-China Coronavirus Action Network.
Evan Greenberg, chair of the US-China Business Council and vice-chair of the National Committee on US-China Relations, said that at this critical moment, the US business community firmly stands side by side with the Chinese people. This donation is just one example of many US companies supporting China in the fight against the epidemic. Craig Allen, president of the US-China Business Council, said that this is a time to make humanitarian contributions to the common interests of mankind, and in particular, they would like to provide help and show respect to the brave Chinese medical workers.
After the outbreak of the epidemic, the US-China Business Council set up a special column named “Coronavirus Information Center” on its website to facilitate member enterprises in the US and those in China to provide support by making donations and offering medical equipment. As Stephen A. Orlins, president of the National Committee on US-China Relations, has said, since hosting the Chinese Table Tennis Team in 1972, the National Committee has been committed to deepening ties between the people of the two countries, and it is pleased to be able to continue this great tradition and help provide much-needed medical supplies to the Chinese people.3. 蒙古：3萬(wàn)只羊送前線
2月27日，習(xí)近平主席在人民大會(huì)堂同蒙古國(guó)總統(tǒng)哈勒特馬·巴特圖勒嘎會(huì)談。習(xí)近平指出，總統(tǒng)先生作為疫情發(fā)生后首位訪華的外國(guó)元首，專程來(lái)中國(guó)表達(dá)慰問(wèn)和支持，充分體現(xiàn)了總統(tǒng)先生和蒙方對(duì)中蒙關(guān)系的高度重視和對(duì)中國(guó)人民的深厚情誼，是中蒙兩個(gè)鄰國(guó)守望相助、同舟共濟(jì)的生動(dòng)詮釋。會(huì)談結(jié)束后，巴特圖勒嘎向習(xí)近平遞交了蒙方向中方贈(zèng)送3萬(wàn)只羊的證書(shū)。
中蒙是山水相連的友好鄰邦，也是全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴。新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，蒙古國(guó)政府在第一時(shí)間向中國(guó)提供了約140萬(wàn)元人民幣的資金支持，這是該國(guó)近年來(lái)最大的一筆對(duì)外現(xiàn)金援助。蒙古國(guó)首都烏蘭巴托市政府，也提供了約40萬(wàn)元人民幣的捐助。蒙方發(fā)起“永久鄰邦、暖心支持”行動(dòng)，號(hào)召全體公務(wù)員和社會(huì)各界人士為支持中方抗擊疫情募捐，得到了蒙古國(guó)社會(huì)各界的積極響應(yīng)，有許多人自愿捐出工資，希望幫助中國(guó)人民戰(zhàn)勝困難。3月2日，蒙古國(guó)紅十字會(huì)向中國(guó)捐贈(zèng)2萬(wàn)只口罩，從二連口岸公路運(yùn)送入境。
草原上有句古老的諺語(yǔ)：災(zāi)荒之年能給你送肉吃的不一定是富人，但肯定是安達(dá)（朋友）！蒙方在此前已向中方提供捐款的基礎(chǔ)上，再次向中方贈(zèng)送3萬(wàn)只羊，這份蒙古國(guó)人民的心意令人備受感動(dòng)。
Mongolia: 30,000 Sheep to China
On February 27, President Xi Jinping held talks with Mongolian President Khaltmaagiin Battulga at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Xi pointed out that as the first head of state to visit China after the COVID-19 outbreak, the Mongolian President has made a special trip to China to express his sympathy and support, which fully reflects the great importance that the president himself and the Mongolian government attach to Sino-Mongolian relations as well as their profound friendship toward the Chinese people. Xi said it is a vivid interpretation of the two neighboring countries helping each other in difficulties and working together as responsible partners. After their talk, Battulga presented to Xi Jinping the certificate of Mongolia’s gift of 30,000 sheep.
China and Mongolia are friendly neighbors linked by mountains and rivers, as well as comprehensive strategic partners. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, the Mongolian government immediately donated about 1.4 million yuan to China, which was the country’s largest foreign aid in cash in recent years. The Municipal Government of Ulaanbaatar City, capital of Mongolia, also provided a donation of about 400,000 yuan.Mongolia launched a campaign named “permanent neighbor and warm support,” and called for all civil servants and people from all walks of life to raise money to support China in the fight against the epidemic. The campaign received a positive response in Mongolia and many people voluntarily donated their wages to help the Chinese people overcome difficulties. On March 2, the Mongolian Red Cross Society donated another 20,000 facemasks and sent them to China via the Erenhot port.
As an old proverb on the prairie goes, “It is not necessarily the rich who give you meat in the year of famine, but it must be a friend!” In addition to previous donations, the Mongolian people have impressed the Chinese people with their good wishes with 30,000 sheep.4. 泰國(guó)：免除因疫情滯留在泰的中國(guó)公民的罰款
中泰兩國(guó)山川相連、血緣相親、文化相通，泰國(guó)是中國(guó)人出國(guó)旅游的首選目的地之一。新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，泰國(guó)從王室、政府到社會(huì)各界紛紛向中國(guó)伸出援手，表現(xiàn)出中泰人民之間特殊的真摯情誼。泰國(guó)總理巴育還專門錄制視頻，為中國(guó)特別是武漢打氣加油。在部分國(guó)家暫停與中國(guó)往來(lái)航班、限制外國(guó)游客入境的情況下，泰國(guó)尊重世衛(wèi)組織的建議，采取了適度合理的應(yīng)對(duì)措施。泰國(guó)移民局宣布，自2月9日起，對(duì)所有持旅游簽證或旅游落地簽證入境，因新冠肺炎疫情影響而滯留在泰的中國(guó)公民免除滯留罰款，具體手續(xù)在離境時(shí)直接辦理。
由于疫情發(fā)生之時(shí)正值泰國(guó)旅游旺季，泰國(guó)政府、媒體等高度關(guān)注疫情發(fā)展。泰國(guó)主流媒體MCOT 旗下的多個(gè)平臺(tái)每天發(fā)布中國(guó)抗擊疫情的相關(guān)消息，泰國(guó)歷史最悠久的泰文報(bào)紙《沙炎叻日?qǐng)?bào)》總編輯表示，泰國(guó)讀者對(duì)中國(guó)抗擊疫情感到欽佩。
中泰一家親，患難見(jiàn)真情。泰國(guó)作為中國(guó)的友好鄰邦、全面戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴，對(duì)中國(guó)抗擊疫情給予了大力支持和真誠(chéng)幫助，其中所傳達(dá)的信息不只是出于經(jīng)貿(mào)往來(lái)的禮貌和聲援，還有進(jìn)一步升華的傳統(tǒng)友誼和更加密切的中泰人民交往。
Thailand: Waiving Fines for Chinese Citizens Stranded in Thailand Due to the Epidemic
China and Thailand are geographically close, with a strong bond that links the two peoples and cultures, and Thailand is one of the preferred destinations for Chinese people to travel abroad. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, Thailand, including the Royal Family, the government and all sectors of society, have extended a helping hand to China, showing the special sincere friendship between the Chinese and Thai people. Thai Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha specially recorded a video to root for China and especially Wuhan.
While some countries have suspended flights to and from China and restricted the entry of foreign tourists, Thailand has adopted the suggestion of the WHO and taken moderate and reasonable measures in response to the epidemic. The Thai Immigration Bureau announced that from February 9, all Chinese citizens holding tourist visas or tourist visas on arrival who are stranded in Thailand due to the COVID-19 epidemic will be exempted from the fine for detention, and the specific formalities will be handled directly when they leave the country.
As the epidemic has occurred during the peak season in Thailand, the Thai government and media have been paying close attention to the development of the epidemic. Several platforms owned by Thailand’s mainstream media MCOT publish news about China’s fight against the epidemic every day, and the editor-in-chief of Siam Rath, the oldest Thai newspaper in the country, said that Thai readers admire China’s fight against the epidemic.A friend in need is a friend indeed. As a comprehensive strategic partner of China, Thailand has given strong support and sincere assistance to China in fighting the epidemic. The message is not just out of politeness and solidarity in economic and trade exchanges, but more from the further sublimation of traditional friendship and closer exchanges between the Chinese and Thai people.5. 伊朗：第一個(gè)就疫情暴發(fā)向中國(guó)給予慰問(wèn)的國(guó)家
新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生時(shí)，中國(guó)收到的第一份慰問(wèn)來(lái)自伊朗——扎里夫外長(zhǎng)是全球第一個(gè)公開(kāi)聲援中國(guó)的外長(zhǎng)，并且他還多次用中文在社交媒體上發(fā)文表達(dá)對(duì)中國(guó)抗擊疫情的支持。從政府到民間，伊朗各界紛紛表達(dá)對(duì)中國(guó)抗疫的支持：伊朗文旅部舉辦“為中國(guó)加油”萬(wàn)人簽名活動(dòng)；德黑蘭自由塔舉行支持中國(guó)燈光秀活動(dòng)；許多伊朗官員和友好人士公開(kāi)發(fā)聲，表示堅(jiān)定同中國(guó)人民站在一起，并向中國(guó)提供醫(yī)療物資援助；伊朗紅新月會(huì)援助100萬(wàn)只口罩送往北京；一位在華伊朗咖啡師主動(dòng)放棄乘包機(jī)回國(guó)的機(jī)會(huì)，與中國(guó)同事一起為抗疫一線醫(yī)護(hù)人員免費(fèi)制作、配送咖啡。
進(jìn)入2月下旬，伊朗新冠肺炎疫情嚴(yán)峻。中國(guó)駐伊大使館和在伊中資企業(yè)向伊方緊急捐贈(zèng)了25萬(wàn)只口罩和5000人份新冠病毒核酸檢測(cè)試劑盒；中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)派出志愿專家團(tuán)隊(duì)一行5人，攜帶部分中方援助的醫(yī)療物資支援伊朗。中方表示，將根據(jù)伊方需要，在疫情防控、醫(yī)療救治等方面開(kāi)展合作，并繼續(xù)提供力所能及的幫助。正如那句古老的波斯諺語(yǔ)所言，“人心之間，有路相通”。中伊兩國(guó)是全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴，總是在彼此困難的時(shí)候相互支持幫助，堅(jiān)定地站在一起。兩國(guó)在共同抗擊疫情過(guò)程中，以實(shí)際行動(dòng)詮釋了患難與共、同舟共濟(jì)的內(nèi)涵，展現(xiàn)了兩國(guó)人民的深厚情誼。
Iran: The First Country to Offer Sympathy to China on the Outbreak of the Epidemic
After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, the first sympathy that China received was from Iran. The country’s Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif was the first foreign minister in the world to publicly support China, and he repeatedly posted on social media to express, in Chinese language, his support for China’s fight against the epidemic.
From the government to the people, all walks of life in Iran have expressed their support for China. The Iranian Ministry of Culture and Tourism held a signature campaign to root for China. The Azadi Tower held a special lighting show. Many officials and friendly Iranians made public statements that they stand side by side with the Chinese people and offered medical materials. The Iranian Red Crescent Society donated 1 million facemasks to Beijing. An Iranian barista working in China voluntarily gave up the opportunity to return home by charter flight, and worked with his Chinese colleagues to make and dispatch free coffee to frontline medical workers.
In late February, the epidemic situation of COVID-19 in Iran became serious. The Chinese Embassy in Iran and China-invested enterprises in the country urgently donated 250,000 masks and 5,000 sets of novel coronavirus nucleic acid testing kits. The Red Cross Society of China sent a team of five volunteer experts along with Chinese-assisted medical supplies to Iran. The Chinese side said that it will carry out collaborations in epidemic prevention and control, medical treatment and other areas as needed by the Irani side, and will continue to provide assistance within its capabilities.
As an old Persian proverb goes, “There is a road between the hearts of people.” China and Iran are comprehensive strategic partners who always support and help each other in times of difficulties and stand firmly together. In the process of jointly fighting the epidemic, China and Iran have interpreted the connotation of responsible partners who work side by side to tide over the difficult period, and demonstrated the profound friendship between the people of the two countries.6. 加拿大：接二連三的捐助
新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生后，加拿大對(duì)中國(guó)進(jìn)行了接二連三的捐助，累計(jì)提供了近16噸的醫(yī)用防護(hù)設(shè)備，包括衣物、口罩、護(hù)目鏡和手套等。加拿大總理特魯多公開(kāi)表示，這是一個(gè)艱難且不確定的時(shí)期，作為國(guó)際社會(huì)成員，大家必須繼續(xù)攜手合作，加方愿意繼續(xù)向中方提供相關(guān)援助。當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間2月11日，加拿大衛(wèi)生部長(zhǎng)宣布，已通過(guò)世衛(wèi)組織再次向中國(guó)提供200萬(wàn)加元（約合人民幣1048萬(wàn)元）的援助。加政府官員還多次明確表示，加拿大政府和人民將在這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗中同中國(guó)人民堅(jiān)定地站在一起，繼續(xù)向中方提供一切必要的援助。中國(guó)抗疫期間，加方始終沒(méi)有停止同中方的正常往來(lái)，也反對(duì)任何歧視性的作法。加拿大駐華大使鮑達(dá)民在加國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)詢時(shí)表示，中國(guó)為阻擊疫情采取了“令人難以置信”的措施，對(duì)一座超過(guò)1100萬(wàn)人口的城市進(jìn)行“封城”，以保護(hù)我們所有人免受感染，這是非常有意義的舉措。
加拿大接二連三的援助及政府官員的一系列表態(tài)，體現(xiàn)了加方秉持的理性、冷靜和科學(xué)態(tài)度，也反映出中國(guó)采取的實(shí)實(shí)在在的行動(dòng)贏得了加方的認(rèn)同與贊賞。
Canada: Making Repeated Donations to China
After the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, Canada made repeated donations to China, providing nearly 16 tons of medical protective equipment in total, including clothing, masks, goggles and gloves. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau publicly said, “It is a difficult and uncertain time for them and for everyone around the world, but as an international community we do have to continue to work together and we’re there to help.”
On February 11 (local time), the Canadian Minister of Health announced that Canada had provided another 2 million Canadian dollars (around 10.48 million yuan) of assistance to China through the WHO. Government officials also made it clear on many occasions that the Canadian government and the Canadian people will stand firmly with the Chinese people in this battle and continue to provide all necessary assistance.
During China’s battle against the epidemic, Canada has never stopped its normal exchanges with China and opposes any discriminatory practices. In response to an inquiry from the Parliament, Canadian Ambassador to China Dominic Barton said that China has taken “incredible” measures to combat the epidemic by “locking down” a city of more than 11 million people to protect others from infection, which was a very meaningful move.
The repeated Canadian aid and a series of statements made by government officials reflect Canada’s rational, calm, and scientific attitude, and also reflect that the concrete actions taken by China have won the recognition and appreciation of Canada.六、人物案例Brave Fighters
1. 喬冰和劉光耀：95后護(hù)士情侶共赴武漢抗疫
喬冰和劉光耀均為河南省直第三人民醫(yī)院急重癥醫(yī)學(xué)科的護(hù)士，是一對(duì)95后情侶。2020年1月26日，醫(yī)院發(fā)出支援武漢征集令，二人推遲訂婚，攜手報(bào)名共赴武漢。
2月2日，由122名醫(yī)護(hù)人員組成的河南省第二批支援湖北應(yīng)對(duì)疫情醫(yī)療隊(duì)出發(fā)。出發(fā)前兩人擁抱鼓勁，劉光耀對(duì)喬冰許下諾言：“回來(lái)后，我娶你”。
到達(dá)武漢后，雖然兩人在同一個(gè)病區(qū)，但是見(jiàn)面機(jī)會(huì)很少，有時(shí)是領(lǐng)飯時(shí)的幾分鐘，有時(shí)僅僅是交接班時(shí)在電梯口的擦肩而過(guò)。劉光耀說(shuō)，乘坐大巴去醫(yī)院的短短幾十分鐘路程，是他特別喜歡的一段時(shí)間，因?yàn)榭梢院蛦瘫谝黄稹?br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />2月9日，在本該訂婚的這一天，劉光耀決定履行承諾。他寫(xiě)下一封告白書(shū)，用回形針做了一個(gè)臨時(shí)戒指，單膝跪地向喬冰求婚：“今天本來(lái)應(yīng)該是我們訂婚的日子，但是我們?cè)谖錆h。盡管沒(méi)有鮮花，沒(méi)有鉆戒，但有你有我，有我對(duì)你的愛(ài)。在這個(gè)特殊的環(huán)境里，在這個(gè)特殊的日子里，可以嫁給我嗎？”喬冰眼含熱淚接受了劉光耀的求婚。
Qiao Bing and Liu Guangyao: a Young Couple of Nurses Heading for Wuhan Together
Qiao Bing and Liu Guangyao are a young couple, both being nurses of the Third People’s Hospital of Henan Province. On January 26, 2020, after their hospital called for medical workers to support Wuhan, they decided to postpone their engagement ceremony and both signed up for the aid mission to Wuhan.
Henan province’s second team comprising of 122 medical workers set off for Wuhan on February 2. The couple hugged to encourage each other before their departure. “I will marry you when we return from Wuhan,” Liu swore to Qiao.
In Wuhan, they worked in the same ward but seldom saw each other. They might meet when getting meals, or at the elevator door when changing shifts. Liu said he enjoyed the short ride to the hospital very much, because that was when he could be with Qiao Bing for a while on the bus.
On February 9, their planned day of engagement, Liu decided to fulfill his promise. He wrote a letter, made a ring out of a clip, and kneeled down before the girl, “Today is supposed to be our engagement day, but we are now in Wuhan. We have no flower and no ring, but we have each other and my love. Will you marry me, under this special circumstance and on this special day?” Qiao nodded with tears in her eyes.2. 彭銀華：一封永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法寄出的婚禮請(qǐng)柬
彭銀華，武漢市江夏區(qū)第一人民醫(yī)院、協(xié)和江南醫(yī)院呼吸與危重癥醫(yī)學(xué)科醫(yī)生。在抗擊疫情一線不幸感染新冠肺炎，因病情惡化，經(jīng)搶救無(wú)效，于2020年2月20日在武漢市金銀潭醫(yī)院去世，年僅29歲。他辦公桌的抽屜里，還留著沒(méi)有來(lái)得及發(fā)出去的婚禮請(qǐng)柬。
2020年1月21日，江夏區(qū)第一人民醫(yī)院成立了第二批新冠肺炎隔離病房，當(dāng)天130張床位全部收滿。彭銀華與愛(ài)人商量，推遲原定于2月1日舉行的婚禮，主動(dòng)請(qǐng)纓上一線。“出現(xiàn)疫情后，他連著上了兩天兩夜48小時(shí)的門診，他想著科室人手不夠，能夠幫同事分擔(dān)一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槌丝剖抑魅沃�，他是唯一的男醫(yī)生。”彭銀華的妻子回憶道。
1月25日，因感染新冠肺炎，彭銀華在江夏區(qū)第一人民醫(yī)院接受治療。1月30日因病情加重，他被緊急送往武漢市金銀潭醫(yī)院。2月20日離世時(shí)，他的愛(ài)人懷孕6個(gè)月。
Peng Yinhua: the Doctor Who Never Had the Chance to Send His Wedding Invitations
Peng Yinhua was a doctor of respiration and critical care medicine at the First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District in Wuhan. He was infected with COVID-19 while working on the front line. Despite all-out efforts to save him, Peng died on February 20, 2020 at the age of 29 after his condition got worse. Peng never had the chance to send his wedding invitations, which remained in his office drawer.
On January 21, Peng’s hospital set up the second batch of isolation wards for COVID-19 patients, and all the 130 new beds were soon occupied on the very day. Peng and his wife agreed to postpone their wedding ceremony originally planned on February 1, as he had volunteered to work on the front line. “After the epidemic broke out, he worked for 48 hours continuously at the outpatient clinic. As his unit was short of hands and he was the only male doctor besides the unit’s chief, he offered to share the workload of his colleagues,” recalled his wife.
On January 25, Peng was hospitalized for COVID-19 infection. On January 30, he was transferred to Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital for emergency treatment as his condition worsened. He died on February 20, leaving behind his wife who was six month pregnant.3. 夏思思：29歲女醫(yī)生感染新冠肺炎殉職
夏思思，武漢市協(xié)和江北醫(yī)院消化內(nèi)科最年輕的醫(yī)生。她在抗疫一線不幸感染新冠肺炎，經(jīng)救治無(wú)效，于2020年2月23日清晨殉職，年僅29歲。
2020年1月14日晚23時(shí)許，夏思思值夜班時(shí)接診了一位76歲的病人。她為這位病人做完相關(guān)檢查后便下班回家�；丶衣飞辖拥酵ㄖ�，該病人的檢查結(jié)果顯示為疑似新冠肺炎，且病情較重，她立刻返回醫(yī)院參與救治。隨后幾天，夏思思擔(dān)心老人病情，就主動(dòng)要求留在病房。
1月19日，夏思思突發(fā)高燒至39度，經(jīng)檢查高度疑似感染新冠肺炎，不得不在協(xié)和江北醫(yī)院接受隔離治療。“剛開(kāi)始病情比較平穩(wěn)，我們還商量，等她好了，我倆一起上一線。”夏思思的丈夫，武漢市普愛(ài)醫(yī)院骨科醫(yī)生吳磊說(shuō)。然而，自2月7日起，夏思思病情突然加重，呼吸、心跳驟停，醫(yī)院雖連夜組織搶救，但她卻一直處于昏迷狀態(tài)，直至2月23日清晨離世。
夏思思接診的那位新冠肺炎患者后來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)到定點(diǎn)醫(yī)院接受治療，現(xiàn)已痊愈。
Xia Sisi: the 29-Year-Old Doctor Who Died of COVID-19
Xia Sisi was the youngest gastroenterology physician at the Union Jiangbei Hospital of Wuhan. She became infected with COVID-19 while working at the hospital, and died on the morning of February 23, 2020, at the age of 29.
At 11:00 p.m. on January 14, Xia Sisi received a 76-year-old patient on her night shift. She knocked off after completing checks for the patient. On the way home, she was told that the checks showed the patient was a suspected COVDI-19 case and was in severe condition. She immediately returned to the hospital to join the treatment. In the following days, worrying about the senior patient’s condition, she volunteered to stay at the ward.
On January 19, Xia had a sudden fever with her temperature rising to 39 degrees Celsius. She was highly suspected of being infected with COVID-19 after checks, and had to be treated in isolation in her hospital. “At first, her situation was stable,” said Xia’s husband Wu Lei, an orthopedist at Wuhan Puai Hospital. “We agreed that we would join the front line after she recovered.” However, Xia’s situation deteriorated on February 7 as her breathing and heartbeat stopped suddenly. The hospital went all out to save her, but Xia remained in a coma until she died on the morning of February 23.
The COVID-19 patient Xia received was later transferred to a designated hospital for treatment and soon recovered.4. 巴哈古麗：方艙醫(yī)院的領(lǐng)舞者
巴哈古麗·托勒恒，是新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)第二批支援湖北醫(yī)療隊(duì)武漢市方艙醫(yī)院（武漢客廳）C區(qū)副領(lǐng)隊(duì)。新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生以來(lái)，新疆向湖北派出三批醫(yī)療隊(duì)，第二批醫(yī)療隊(duì)共100名醫(yī)護(hù)人員和2名行政人員，巴哈古麗是其中一位行政人員。按照要求，她主要負(fù)責(zé)后勤工作，無(wú)需進(jìn)艙。
2月12日，巴哈古麗得知一些患者心情不好，就主動(dòng)進(jìn)艙為患者跳新疆舞加油打氣。她跳起了一段新疆哈薩克族民間舞蹈“黑走馬”，引起患者們熱情歡呼。這段視頻被發(fā)布在國(guó)內(nèi)社交平臺(tái)上，當(dāng)天即達(dá)到1.1億閱讀量和3.4萬(wàn)討論量。此后，每當(dāng)她走進(jìn)方艙醫(yī)院，患者們都會(huì)對(duì)這位雖已熟悉曼妙舞姿，卻始終不知道長(zhǎng)相的姑娘自發(fā)地歡呼“新疆的古麗來(lái)了！”巴哈古麗在接受采訪時(shí)說(shuō)，“我希望用舞蹈的方式調(diào)節(jié)一下他們的情緒，緩解一下他們的焦慮，讓他們以樂(lè)觀的心態(tài)面對(duì)治療。”
Bahargul Toleheng: the Dancer in the Temporary Treatment Center
Bahargul Toleheng went with the second medical team from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region to Hubei. She worked as deputy head of Division C of a temporary treatment center in the Wuhan Parlor. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, Xinjiang has sent three medical teams to Hubei, and the second team had 100 medical workers. As one of the two executive staff, she was responsible for logistics, which meant that she did not need to work inside the temporary treatment center.
On February 12, as she learned that some patients were feeling down in the dumps, Bahargul volunteered to dance in the treatment center as a way to cheer them up. She performed a traditional Kazak dance and received a rousing ovation from the patients. After her dancing video was posted on the Chinese social media, it quickly garnered 110 million views and 34,000 discussions.
Afterward, whenever she went into the treatment center, the patients would spontaneously chant, “The lady from Xinjiang!” They had never seen her face as she wore a protective suit, but they knew well of her beautiful dance gestures. “I hope my dance can help regulate their emotions, calm their nerves, and keep them positive about the treatment,” she said in an interview.Unitrans世聯(lián)翻譯公司在您身邊,離您近的翻譯公司,心貼心的專業(yè)服務(wù),專業(yè)的全球語(yǔ)言翻譯與信息解決方案供應(yīng)商,專業(yè)翻譯機(jī)構(gòu)品牌。無(wú)論在本地,國(guó)內(nèi)還是海外,我們的專業(yè)、星級(jí)體貼服務(wù)，為您的事業(yè)加速！世聯(lián)翻譯公司在北京、上海、深圳等國(guó)際交往城市設(shè)有翻譯基地，業(yè)務(wù)覆蓋全國(guó)城市。每天有近百萬(wàn)字節(jié)的信息和貿(mào)易通過(guò)世聯(lián)走向全球！積累了大量政商用戶數(shù)據(jù)，翻譯人才庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)，多語(yǔ)種語(yǔ)料庫(kù)大數(shù)據(jù)。世聯(lián)品牌和服務(wù)品質(zhì)已得到政務(wù)防務(wù)和國(guó)際組織、跨國(guó)公司和大中型企業(yè)等近萬(wàn)用戶的認(rèn)可。 專業(yè)翻譯公司,北京翻譯公司,上海翻譯公司,英文翻譯,日文翻譯,韓語(yǔ)翻譯,翻譯公司排行榜,翻譯公司收費(fèi)價(jià)格表,翻譯公司收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),翻譯公司北京,翻譯公司上海。
